Silicosis
Silicosis is a disabling lung disease caused by the inhalation of crystalline-sized silica dust. People who work in mining, sandblasting and other jobs that expose them to mineral-based ore are at risk for developing it. There are three types of silicosis: chronic, accelerated and acute. Silicosis is often fatal.
Causes of Silicosis
Crystalline-sized silica dust can be found in soil, granite and other types of rock. Jobs that can expose people to silica dust include the following:
- Sand blasting
- Masonry work
- Mining
- Demolition
- Rock drilling
Jobs that involve paving with cement and asphalt also place workers at risk for silicosis.
Symptoms of Silicosis
Symptoms of silicosis include the following:
- Swelling of the lungs
- Swollen lymph nodes
- Difficulty breathing
- Tuberculosis
- Scleroderma
- Bronchitis
- Fibrosis of the lung
- Chronic cough
- Weight loss
- Fever
- Night sweats
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder (COPD) can also be a symptom of silicosis.
Diagnosis of Silicosis
Silicosis is diagnosed by physical examination, and review of the patient's medical history. The following diagnostic tests are also usually conducted: chest X-rays; pulmonary-function tests; tuberculosis skin tests; and blood tests.
Treatment of Silicosis
There is no cure for silicosis. Treatment focuses on relieving symptoms, and using antibiotics to treat any infections. Other forms of treatment include the following:
- Cough medicine
- Oxygen
- Bronchodilators
Limiting further exposure to silica is essential.