Single-Incision Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery
Single-incision video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (SIVATS) is a minimally invasive way of diagnosing and treating problems in the chest. In many cases, it is used as an alternative not only to traditional open surgery (thoracotomy), but to multiple-incision video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery. SIVATS is used for lung, diaphragmatic and pleural biopsies, as well as for lung resections and anti-reflux procedures, and requires an incision that is only slightly longer than an inch.
Advantages of Single-Incision Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery
Although SIVATS is not appropriate in all cases, when it can be used it has significant advantages, including the following, over other types of thoracic surgery:
- Shorter hospital stays
- Less pain and discomfort
- Lower cost
- Shorter recovery time
Patients who undergo SIVATS also have considerably less scarring because of the single small incision.
The Single-Incision Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery Procedure
SIVATS takes place through a small incision in the chest. A thoracoscope (a tiny fiberoptic camera) and miniature surgical instruments are inserted through the incision. The thoracoscope takes and transmits surgical-site images to a video monitor, helping to guide the surgeon in manipulating the instruments with precision during the operation.
Risks of Single-Incision Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery
Although SIVATS presents a lower risk of complications than traditional surgery, or even than some other laparoscopic procedures, there are risks inherent in any operation:
- Pneumothorax (collapsed lung)
- Excessive bleeding
- Blood clots
- Postsurgical infection
- Adverse reaction to anesthetic or anesthesia
With any surgery, particularly surgery involving the lungs, there is some danger that the patient will develop breathing difficulties.
Recovery from Single-Incision Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery
The minimally invasive approach of SIVATS results in little surgical trauma and scarring. Patients on whom it is used are usually fast-tracked through the recovery process. Some patients are able to undergo SIVATS under mild sedation combined with regional epidural anesthesia, eliminating the greater risk of general anesthesia, and possibly making the procedure ambulatory.